【which的用法】在英语学习中，“which”是一个非常常见的关系代词，常用于引导定语从句，用来指代前面提到的名词或整个句子的内容。它在句中可以作主语、宾语或介词宾语。掌握“which”的正确用法，有助于提高英语表达的准确性和流畅性。

一、which的基本用法总结

二、which的常见搭配和结构

1. which + 名词：表示“哪一个”或“哪些”，用于选择或限定。

- Which one do you want?

- Which of these books is yours?

2. which + 动词不定式：用于提问或引导从句。

- I don’t know which to choose.

- She asked which to do first.

3. which引导的特殊疑问句：

- Which subject do you like best?

- Which hotel would you recommend?

4. which在非限制性定语从句中的应用：

- My father, which was a teacher, passed away last year.（注意：此处应为“who”）

三、常见错误与注意事项

- which不能代替that：在限制性定语从句中，只能用that，不能用which。

- 正确：The car that I saw was red.

- 错误：The car which I saw was red.（虽然有时口语中会这样说，但正式写作中应避免）

- which不能单独使用：它必须引导一个完整的从句，不能单独出现。

- 正确：This is the house which we bought last year.

- 错误：This is the house which.

- which不能作介词的宾语：如果需要在介词后使用关系代词，应使用“whom”或“which”（视情况而定），但“which”一般不用于此位置。

- 正确：The book about which I told you is very important.

- 错误：The book which I told you about is very important.（虽可接受，但更正式的是用“about which”）

四、总结

“which”是一个多功能的关系代词，主要用于引导定语从句，尤其是在非限制性从句中。它既可以指代物，也可以指代事情，常用于选择、疑问和描述等语境中。理解其用法并注意与“that”、“who”等词的区别，是提高英语语法准确性的关键。通过多读多练，可以更好地掌握“which”的灵活运用。